Clinical Evidence
Validated in the operating room
The technology has been evaluated across more than 280 clinical measurements in deep brain stimulation, biopsy and resection procedures at Linköping University Hospital, documented in peer-reviewed publications and two doctoral theses.
140
DBS implantations
60
Biopsies (40 one-insertion)
80
Resections (15 navigated, 14 paediatric)
Optical guidance
DBS, ablation (RF, cryo, LITT), biopsy, drug activation and cell-line implantation.
- —Intraoperative vessel alarm for safe insertion towards a precalculated target
- —Indication of shades of grey and white tissue along the insertion line
Biopsy
Brain tumour biopsy with a stereotactic frame or with a frameless navigation system.
- —In situ diagnostic confirmation
- —One-insertion procedure with Medtronic and Elekta biopsy needles
- —Fewer trajectories, safe insertion, time gain — beneficial for patients and health economy
Resection
High-grade tumour detection during removal, with the blue-light microscope or as a stand-alone instrument.
- —Enhanced fluorescence under the microscope
- —Objective information
- —Lower ALA dose
One-insertion stereotactic biopsy
In situ diagnostic confirmation allows a brain tumour biopsy to be completed in a single insertion with Medtronic and Elekta needles, using either a stereotactic frame or frameless navigation. Fewer trajectories mean safer insertion, time gained in theatre, and a clear health-economic benefit.
Resection efficiency
During resection, the probe enhances and objectifies fluorescence readings in the tumour marginal zone — including cases where the microscope signal is weak — supporting more complete removal of high-grade tumour tissue at a reduced ALA dose.
Deep brain stimulation
High-resolution laser Doppler measurements along the electrode trajectory relate optical signals to anatomy in the subthalamic nucleus and ventral intermediate nucleus, addressing safety during lead implantation.
Multimodal correlation
Intraoperative fluorescence has been compared with quantitative MRI relaxometry, diffusion MRI and neuropathology in navigated biopsies, linking optical readings to tissue microstructure.